Другое : Socionical approach in studding of nations
Socionical approach in studding of nations
Socionical approach in studding of nations
Ethnosocionics consider nations as
psychoinformatoin systems (integral persons), of which the Jung’s persons’
typology is true.
Volodymyr Scherbyna, Russia
It is not new idea to consider
ethnos as integral person (collective subject). This idea was advanced and was
substantiated in the works of Wilhelm von Humboldt, Nikolay Berdyayev, Nykolay
Lossky, etc. In particular Carl Jung wrote that “people’s psyche is only more
compound structure than person’s psyche”. It is logically to consider this
integral person to be reasonable, i. e. this integral person has consciousness,
memory, action logic, emotions. Ethnosocionics considers ethnos as
psychoinformation system, of which the persons’ typology is also true. In each
ethnos there are persons of different psychological types. In spite of this the
ethnos is the macroorganism of the certain psychological type. Just this often
to be named as “national character”. So this science studies ethnoses’
psychological types, features of their behaviour, mutual relations with other
nations, etc.
Ethnosocionics is one of the
directions of socionics, a young science, which was born on the boundary
between psychology, sociology and information science. Socionics is based on
the Jung's typology and Augustinavichjute's Intertypes' Relations Theory. It
is considering persons as bearers of the certain types of information
metabolism, which are developing and interacting on the base of objective laws.
Each person is being examined over
4 main pairs of signs (coordinates): logical ¾ ethical (emotional), sensorical ¾ intuitional, rational ¾ irrational, extravert ¾ introvert. While studding the concrete
person one can determine the mentality type, this person inclined to: logical
or emotional, concrete or abstract etc. Having determined each of 4 pairs of
signs one determines the one of 16 sociotypes the person under determination
belongs to.
Let us remind their names:
- Intuitive-logical extravert (ILE, ENTP*)
- Sensoro- ethical introvert (SEI, ISFP)
- Ethico- sensorical extravert (ESE, ESFJ)
- Logico- intuitive introvert (LII, INTJ)
- Ethico- intuitive extravert (EIE, ENFJ)
- Logico- sensorical introvert (LSI, ISTJ)
- Sensoro- logical extravert (SLE, ESTP)
- Intuitive- ethical introvert (IEI, INFP)
- Logico-intuitive extravert (LIE, ENTJ)
- Ethico- sensorical introvert (ESI, ISFJ)
- Sensoro- ethical extravert (SEE, ESFP)
- Intuitive- logical introvert (ILI, INTP)
- Intuitive-ethical extravert (IEE, ENFP)
- Sensoro- logical introvert (SLI, ISTP)
- Logico-sensorical extravert (LSE, ESTJ)
- Ethico- intuitive introvert (EII, INFL)
Socionics considers person as information
system, the bearer of the certain type of information metabolism. The body
of person lives exchanging substance and energy with the outer world. And the
psyche part of the person lives sharing information with the outer world. All
information, which person receives from the outside (the information about
outer world) and from the inside (the information about psychophysical state of
person), is the common information stream.
Each person can make out some
aspects of information stream better then other ones. Psychological function
is the ability of person to make out one aspect of information stream.
Socionics descries 8 aspects of information stream and 8 psychological
functions accordingly. These functions have graphical conventional signs,
names and “duties”:
______________________________
*) In the SOCIONICS
psychological (socionical) types have 3-letters conventional signs, and in the
western literature — 4-letters ones.
|
|
|
abilities’ intuition
|
the knock of human abilities’ feeling; sensing of
development’s perspectives; integral perception of the world, feeling of its
unity, interdependency, reiteration on different levels of world’s hierarchy;
understanding of the very essence of subjects and processes.
|
|
|
time’s intuition
|
the understanding of contradictions in outer world
and in human psyche; the understanding of opposites, which separate people
and events; feeling of danger; aptitude for seeing vainness
|
|
|
volitional sensorics
|
aptitude for controlling of outer spaciousness;
ability for putting pressure on others and to stand up to anyone’s pressure;
understanding of enemy’s force and enforce; power; will to win; authority of
power
|
|
|
sensation sensorics
|
capacity for body’s necessities satisfaction,
sensation of own body; beauty, design, turning towards the high inner
quality; cosiness and comfort
|
|
|
dynamic logic
|
reasonable acting logic; technology, process,
method, procedure, rule, algorithm, conveyor, cause and effect, enterprise
|
|
|
static logic
|
aptitude for systematizing knowledge and phenomena;
deep understanding of logical correlation between objects; facts’ system,
hierarchy, classification, statistics, register and verification, machinery
|
|
|
emotions’ ethics
|
capacity for feeling persons’ emotional state, for
its controlling; ability for inspiring people with joy, enthusiasm or fear,
horror, anxiety, panic.
|
|
|
relations’ ethics
|
world’s perception through people’s relations; the
ability for adjusting needing relations; sense of duty; tolerance, love,
kindness, charity, humanity
|
It is established that each
sociotype has his own number of the “strong” and “weak” psychological
functions. On this base the person’s psyche functioning model (sociomodel) is
made. The socionical model helps to understand how to use person’s “strong”
features and to defend “weak” ones; it also helps to understand mechanism of
mutual relation between people. Intertypes’ Relations Law is based on the
understanding of sociomodel’s functioning. This Law defines features of the
information exchange and mutual relations between sociotypes.
So ethnosocionics uses
socionical laws and methods and studies:
- socionical types of ethnoses and nations
(“national characters”);
- their history, relations with neighbours
and other nations;
- nation’s construction and national-state
construction;
- national leaders; their accordance with the
epoch and with the national sociotype;
- national elite’s construction; its
accordance with the nation.
The knowledge of nation’s
sociotype offers to approach scientifically to strategic planning of state’s
development (like the knowledge of person’s sociotype helps in profession
choosing)
As the example, let us consider
briefly how to determine one pair of main signs: logical (pragmatic) or ethical
(emotional) the nation under examination is?
Some features of logical (pragmatic)
nations:
1.
main criteria in this
societies are: logical-unlogical, correct-uncorrect, cleverly-foolishly, advantageous-disadvantageous,
economical-uneconomical etc. Actions of other nations, states and persons are
estimated from the point of view of logic, reason, activity and not of the
emotion maintenance (kindness, sympathy, responsiveness etc.)
2.
They try to solve their
problems by themselves, with the help of their own abilities. As a rule they
don’t ask somebody and don’t persuade somebody. They prove their rightness by
deeds and unanswerable arguments.
3.
Their promises are more
reliable. Their care of truth stirs up the real esteem: it is not the
declaration but really truth; it is not the formal replay but really law, this
society lives under.
4.
Fashion and many other
human society’s dynamic attributes are changing more slowly in these nations
than in emotional ones. One of the cause is the pragmatic advantage to be one
of the paramount values of such nations.
5.
Constructive logic in
these nations restrains influence of social myths. New myths are being born
because of the shortage of needing information. But the existence of the new
social myth in these nations is short and expedient.
Some features of ethical (emotional)
nations:
1.
Pragmatism is not
strong virtue of such nations. Main criteria in these societies are: well-bad,
human-unhuman, honestly-dishonestly, will be offended - will not be offended
etc.
2.
Truth and untruth have
relative character, not absolute one: it is seemed to be good all, that is
pleasant for people (sometimes even if it is not truth). By this reason laws
have less rigid functions in these nations.
3.
These nations are more
spontaneous while contact with other societies and cultures. Their ethics is
creative, initiative and primary before logic.
4.
There are many
impulsive and unreasoned in these nations. Forces of pragmatic and scientific
constructing are not enough developed. Utter emotions don’t afraid people in
these nations. It is seemed often that people seek them intentionally.
5.
The influence of social
myth is stronger in these nations than in logical ones. Myth can interprets
each event. Often political leader wins elections because of people’s sympathy
and not because of his program.
While using this approach we can
determine as logical next nations: Americans, Canadians, Danes, English,
Germans, Japanese, Jews, Lithuanians, Scots etc. We can determine as ethical
next nations: Austrians, Belorussians, French, Greeks, Hungarians, Poles,
Russians, Ukrainians etc.
The similar approach is used while
defining other pairs of signs. Psychological features of nations are expressed
in language, literature, art, religion, science, mythology, nation-state
construction and other sides of social life.
While studding these expressions
one can draw a conclusion about the mentality type, the nation inclined to,
prognose probable trend of development and mutual relations with other nations.
