Àðõèòåêòóðà : Äèïëîìíàÿ ðàáîòà: Ïðîåêò ãðàæäàíñêîãî çäàíèÿ èç äðåâåñèíû
Äèïëîìíàÿ ðàáîòà: Ïðîåêò ãðàæäàíñêîãî çäàíèÿ èç äðåâåñèíû
Ñîäåðæàíèå
Ââåäåíèå
Ðàñ÷¸ò êëååôàíåðíîé ïàíåëè
Ðàñ÷¸ò ïàíåëè «Ñýíäâè÷»
Ãåîìåòðè÷åñêàÿ ñõåìà ôåðìû
Ïîäáîð ñå÷åíèé
Ïîäáîð ñå÷åíèé ðàñêîñîâ
Ðàñ÷¸ò ñòîéêè
Ðàñ÷¸ò óçëîâ ôåðìû
Ýêñïëóàòàöèÿ
Ñïèñîê èñïîëüçóåìûõ èñòî÷íèêîâ
Ââåäåíèå
 êóðñîâîé ðàáîòå
ðàçðàáîòàí ïðîåêò ãðàæäàíñêîãî çäàíèÿ èç äðåâåñèíû â êëèìàòè÷åñêèõ óñëîâèÿõ
ãîðîäà Ìîñêâà. Ïî çàìûñëó çäàíèå áóäåò âûïîëíÿòü øàòðîâóþ ôóíêöèþ íàä õîêêåéíûì
êîðòîì. Õîêêåéíûé êîðò ðàçìåðîì 61 × 21 ìåòð óäà÷íî âïèñûâàåòñÿ â ðàçìåðû
çäàíèÿ 72 × 26 ìåòðîâ.
Íåñóùàÿ
êîíñòðóêöèÿ ïîêðûòèÿ ýòîãî çäàíèÿ äåðåâÿííàÿ, êëååäîùàòàÿ. Ïðîë¸ò ñåãìåíòíîé
ôåðìû 26 ìåòðîâ, íèæíèé ïîÿñ å¸ ñîñòîèò èç äâóõ ìåòàëëè÷åñêèõ óãîëêîâ. Òàê æå
çàïðîåêòèðîâàíà êëååäîùàòàÿ ïàíåëü ïîêðûòèÿ è ñòåíîâàÿ ïàíåëü òèïà «ñýíäâè÷»
Ôåðìà îïèðàåòñÿ
íà êëååäîùàòóþ ñòîéêó âûñîòîé 7,5 ìåòðîâ. Ñå÷åíèÿ âñåõ ýëåìåíòîâ ñïðîåêòèðîâàíû
íà îñíîâå ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèõ ãëàâ ÑÍèÏ II—25—80 èñõîäÿ èç óñëîâèé ïðî÷íîñòè è
óñòîé÷èâîñòè, åñëè ýòî òðåáóåòñÿ.
Òîëùèíà äîñêè â ãíóòûõ
ýëåìåíòàõ ïðèíÿòà çà 20 ìì.
Ðàñ÷¸ò êëååôàíåðíîé ïàíåëè
Ðåáðà æ¸ñòêîñòè
ðàñïîëàãàþòñÿ íà ðàññòîÿíèè íå áîëåå 1,5 ì. L — äëèííà ïàíåëè ðàâíàÿ øàãó
êîíñòðóêöèè (4 ì). Â — øèðèíà ïàíåëè, ïðèíèìàåì êîíñòðóêòèâíî 1,5ì.
Ïðîäîëüíûå ð¸áðà
ïðîåêòèðóþòñÿ èç äîñîê òîëùèíîé 25, 32, 40 ìì. Êðàéíèå ð¸áðà íà 2 ìì òîíüøå öåíòðîâûõ. Òîëùèíó öåíòðîâîãî ðåáðà ïðèíèìàåì 25 ìì.
Âåðõíÿÿ îáøèâêà
ñêîíñòðóèðîâàíà èç ôàíåðû ÔÑÔ Â/ÂÂ è ìîæåò áûòü 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 ìì. Ïðèíèìàåì 8 ìì. Íèæíÿÿ îáøèâêà ìîæåò áûòü 6, 7, 8 ìì. Ïðèíèìàåì 6 ìì.
Ñáîð íàãðóçîê íà
ïàíåëü (â í/ì):
| Âèä íàãðóçêè |
|
|
|
|
1. Ïîñòîÿííàÿ
à) Êðîâëÿ «Òåõíîïëàñò-ãðèí» (áèòóì + ïîëèìåðû) 
á) Ôàíåðíûå îáøèâêè 
â) Ïðîäîëüíûå ð¸áðà
ã) Ïîïåðå÷íûå ð¸áðà
ä) Óòåïëèòåëü URSA (âåñ 600 Í)
å) Ïàðîèçîëÿöèÿ
|
60
136,5
92,64
23,16
125,46
1,5
|
1,2
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,2
1,2
|
72
150,15
101,9
25,48
150,56
1,8
|
| Âñåãî: |
|
|
|
|
2. Âðåìåííàÿ íàãðóçêà
À) Ñíåãîâàÿ
|
|
|
|
| Èòîãî: |
|
|
|
Ðàñ÷¸òíàÿ äëèíà
ïàíåëè:
Ðàñ÷¸òíàÿ øèðèíà
ïàíåëè:
Òðåáóåìàÿ âûñîòà
ïàíåëè:
Ïðèâåä¸ííàÿ
ïëîùàäü ïàíåëè:
Ñòàòè÷åñêèé
ìîìåíò îòíîñèòåëüíî êðàéíåé ãðàíè íèæíåé îáøèâêè:
Ïîëîæåíèå
íåéòðàëüíîé îñè:
Ìîìåíò èíåðöèè
ñå÷åíèÿ:
Ðàñ÷¸òíàÿ ñõåìà
ïàíåëè
Ïðîâåðî÷íûé
ðàñ÷¸ò ïðî÷íîñòè è æ¸ñòêîñòè
Ïðîâåðêà íà
óñòîé÷èâîñòü âåðõíåé îáøèâêè:
Ïðîâåðêà íà
èçãèá âåðõíåé îáøèâêè:
Ïðîâåðêà íà
ðàñòÿæåíèå íèæíåé îáøèâêè:
Ïðîâåðêà íà
ñêàëûâàíèå ïî íåéòðàëüíîìó ñëîþ:
Ïðîâåðêà íà
ñêàëûâàíèå ïî êëååâîìó øâó ìåæäó øïîíàìè ôàíåðû â ìåñòàõ ïðèêëåéêè ê ð¸áðàì.
Ïðîâåðêà íà
ïðîãèá:
Ðàñ÷¸ò ïàíåëè
«Ñýíäâè÷»
Ñáîð íàãðóçîê íà ïàíåëü
«Ñýíäâè÷»:
| Íàãðóçêà. |
|
|
|
|
Ïîñòîÿííàÿ íàãðóçêà:
1. Ñòåêëîïëàñòèê ïîëèýôèðíûé:
2. Óòåïëèòåëü (ÏÏÓ—60):
3. Ïàðîèçîëÿöèÿ:
|
16,66
128,52
1,19
|
1,1
1,2
1,2
|
18,33
154,23
1,43
|
| Èòîãî ïîñòîÿííîé íàãðóçêè |
146,37 |
|
173,99 |
|
Âðåìåííàÿ íàãðóçêà:
1. Ñíåãîâàÿ:
|
1500 |
|
2142 |
| Ïîëíàÿ |
1646,37 |
|
2316 |
Òðåáóåìîå ðàññòîÿíèå
ìåæäó öåíòðàìè îáøèâîê:
Ãåîìåòðè÷åñêèå
õàðàêòåðèñòèêè:
Ïðîâåðî÷íûé îòñ÷¸ò:
Ïðîâåðêà ðàñòÿãèâàþùèõ
íàïðÿæåíèé â íèæíåé îáøèâêå:
Ïðîâåðêà íà ñêàëûâàíèå:
Ïðîâåðêà íà ïðîãèá:
 
Ãåîìåòðè÷åñêàÿ ñõåìà
ôåðìû
Ãåîìåòðè÷åñêèå
õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ôåðìû.
Ñáîð íàãðóçîê íà
ôåðìó
| Íàèìåíîâàíèå íàãðóçêè |
|
|
|
| 1. Îò ïàíåëè ïîêðûòèÿ. |
1171,36 |
— |
1242,4 |
| 2. Îò ñîáñòâåííîãî âåñà ôåðìû (îðèåíòèð |
819,69 |
— |
1134,5 |
| Èòîãî: |
|
— |
|
|
3. Âðåìåííàÿ.
— Ñíåãîâàÿ
|
|
|
12168 |
Íàãðóçêè íà
ôåðìó.
1. Ïîñòîÿííàÿ:
2. Ñíåãîâàÿ
(âàðèàíò 1):
3. Ñíåãîâàÿ
(âàðèàíò 2):
Ñî÷åòàíèÿ
íàãðóçîê, ïðèêëàäûâàåìûõ ïðè ðàñ÷¸òå â ïðîãðàììå «RAMA».
Ñî÷åòàíèå 2:
Ñî÷åòàíèå 3:
Âíóòðåííèå óñèëèÿ
M,N ïðè îñíîâíîì ñî÷åòàíèè íàãðóçîê.
Ñî÷åòàíèå 1—2.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦ Nst(n,k) ¦
Mmax ( N ) ¦ Mmin ( N ) ¦ Nmax ( M ) ¦ Nmin ( M ) ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 1( 1, 2)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -42.94( 0.00) -102.95( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦ 2 ¦
7.32(-102.95) 4.92( -42.94) -42.94( 4.92) -102.95( 7.32)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 1 12 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
10.40(-102.95) 6.56( -42.94) -42.94( 6.56) -102.95( 10.40)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 1 12 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
8.28(-102.95) 4.92( -42.94) -42.94( 4.92) -102.95( 8.28)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 1 12 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -42.94( 0.00) -102.95( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 2( 2,
3)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -42.95( 0.00) -103.46( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦ 2 ¦
11.88(-103.46) 4.91( -42.95) -42.95( 4.91) -103.46( 11.88)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 1 12 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
16.17(-103.46) 6.54( -42.95) -42.95( 6.54) -103.46( 16.17)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 1 12 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
12.37(-103.46) 4.91( -42.95) -42.95( 4.91) -103.46( 12.37)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 1 12 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -42.95( 0.00) -103.46( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 3( 3,
4)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -43.00( 0.00) -106.58( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦ 2 ¦
13.80(-106.58) 4.90( -43.00) -43.00( 4.90) -106.58( 13.80)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 1 12 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
18.43(-106.58) 6.53( -43.00) -43.00( 6.53) -106.58( 18.43)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 1 12 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
13.80(-106.58) 4.90( -43.00) -43.00( 4.90) -106.58( 13.80)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 1 12 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
-0.00( -43.00) -0.00(-106.58) -43.00( -0.00) -106.58( -0.00)¦
¦ ¦
1 12 1 12 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 4( 4,
5)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -42.95( 0.00) -103.46( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦ 2 ¦
12.37(-103.46) 4.91( -42.95) -42.95( 4.91) -103.46( 12.37)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 1 12 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
16.17(-103.46) 6.54( -42.95) -42.95( 6.54) -103.46( 16.17)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 1 12 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
11.88(-103.46) 4.91( -42.95) -42.95( 4.91) -103.46( 11.88)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 1 12 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -42.95( 0.00) -103.46( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 5( 5,
6)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -42.94( 0.00) -102.95( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦ 2 ¦
8.28(-102.95) 4.92( -42.94) -42.94( 4.92) -102.95( 8.28)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 1 12 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
10.40(-102.95) 6.56( -42.94) -42.94( 6.56) -102.95( 10.40)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 1 12 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
7.32(-102.95) 4.92( -42.94) -42.94( 4.92) -102.95( 7.32)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 1 12 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -42.94( 0.00) -102.95( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 6( 6,
7)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 90.11) 0.00( 36.72) 90.11( 0.00) 36.72( 0.00)¦
¦ ¦
12 1 12 1 ¦
¦ 2 ¦
-0.02( 36.72) -0.04( 90.11) 90.11( -0.04) 36.72( -0.02)¦
¦
¦ 1 12 12 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
-0.03( 36.72) -0.08( 90.11) 90.11( -0.08) 36.72( -0.03)¦
¦
¦ 1 12 12 1 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
-0.05( 36.72) -0.11( 90.11) 90.11( -0.11) 36.72( -0.05)¦
¦
¦ 1 12 12 1 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
-0.06( 36.72) -0.15( 90.11) 90.11( -0.15) 36.72( -0.06)¦
¦
¦ 1 12 12 1 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 7( 7,
8)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
-0.06( 36.77) -0.15( 94.83) 94.83( -0.15) 36.77( -0.06)¦
¦ ¦
1 12 12 1 ¦
¦ 2 ¦
-0.05( 36.77) -0.12( 94.83) 94.83( -0.12) 36.77( -0.05)¦
¦
¦ 1 12 12 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
-0.03( 36.77) -0.08( 94.83) 94.83( -0.08) 36.77( -0.03)¦
¦
¦ 1 12 12 1 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
-0.02( 36.77) -0.05( 94.83) 94.83( -0.05) 36.77( -0.02)¦
¦
¦ 1 12 12 1 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
-0.00( 36.77) -0.01( 94.83) 94.83( -0.01) 36.77( -0.00)¦
¦
¦ 1 12 12 1 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 8( 8,
9)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
-0.00( 36.76) -0.01( 94.82) 94.82( -0.01) 36.76( -0.00)¦
¦
¦ 1 12 12 1 ¦
¦ 2 ¦
-0.02( 36.76) -0.05( 94.82) 94.82( -0.05) 36.76( -0.02)¦
¦
¦ 1 12 12 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
-0.03( 36.76) -0.08( 94.82) 94.82( -0.08) 36.76( -0.03)¦
¦
¦ 1 12 12 1 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
-0.05( 36.76) -0.12( 94.82) 94.82( -0.12) 36.76( -0.05)¦
¦
¦ 1 12 12 1 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
-0.06( 36.76) -0.15( 94.82) 94.82( -0.15) 36.76( -0.06)¦
¦
¦ 1 12 12 1 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 9( 1,
9)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
-0.00( 36.72) -0.00( 90.11) 90.11( -0.00) 36.72( -0.00)¦
¦
¦ 1 12 12 1 ¦
¦ 2 ¦
0.04( 90.11) 0.02( 36.72) 90.11( 0.04) 36.72( 0.02)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 12 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.08( 90.11) 0.03( 36.72) 90.11( 0.08) 36.72( 0.03)¦
¦ ¦
12 1 12 1 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
0.11( 90.11) 0.05( 36.72) 90.11( 0.11) 36.72( 0.05)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 12 1 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.15( 90.11) 0.06( 36.72) 90.11( 0.15) 36.72( 0.06)¦
¦
¦ 12 1 12 1 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 10( 2,
9)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 3.25( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦ 2 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 3.25( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 3.25( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 3.25( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 3.25( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 11( 3,
9)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00) -4.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦ 2 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00) -4.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00) -4.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00) -4.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00) -4.01( 0.00)¦
¦ ¦
0 0 1 12 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 12( 3,
8)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.03( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦ 2 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.03( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.03( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.03( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.03( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 13( 4,
8)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.03( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦ 2 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.03( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.03( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.03( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.03( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 14( 4,
7)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00) -4.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦ 2 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00) -4.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00) -4.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00) -4.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00) -4.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 12 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 15( 5,
7)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 3.25( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦ 2 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 3.25( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 3.25( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 3.25( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 3.25( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 12 1 ¦
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ
ñèëà Q ïðè îñíîâíîì è îñîáîì ñî÷åòàíèè íàãðóçîê.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦ Nst(n,k) ¦
Qmax ¦ Qmin ¦ Qmax (os) ¦ Qmin (os) ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 1( 1,
2)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 6.670 4.795 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 2
¦ 3.921 2.397 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.469 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ -2.397 -3.686 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ -4.794 -8.542 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 2( 2,
3)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 11.360 4.789 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 2
¦ 5.978 2.394 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.239 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 2 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ -2.394 -5.859 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ -4.788 -12.313 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 3( 3, 4)¦
¦
¦ 1
¦ 13.441 4.786 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 2
¦ 6.765 2.393 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ -0.000 -0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ -2.393 -6.765 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
-4.786 -13.441 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 4( 4,
5)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 12.315 4.789 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 2
¦ 5.859 2.394 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 -0.239 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 2 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ -2.394 -5.978 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ -4.788 -11.358 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 5( 5,
6)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 8.544 4.795 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 2
¦ 3.686 2.397 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦ ¦
12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 -0.469 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 2 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ -2.397 -3.920 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ -4.794 -6.668 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 6( 6,
7)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ -0.010 -0.023 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦ 2
¦ -0.010 -0.023 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦ ¦
1 12 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ -0.010 -0.023 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ -0.010 -0.023 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ -0.010 -0.023 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 7( 7,
8)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 0.022 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 2
¦ 0.022 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.022 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ 0.022 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ 0.022 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 8( 8,
9)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ -0.010 -0.022 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦ 2
¦ -0.010 -0.022 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ -0.010 -0.022 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ -0.010 -0.022 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦ ¦
1 12 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ -0.010 -0.022 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 12 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 9( 1,
9)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 0.023 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 2
¦ 0.023 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.023 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ 0.023 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ 0.023 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 12 1 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 10( 2,
9)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 2 ¦
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 11( 3, 9)¦
¦
¦ 1
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 2
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 12( 3,
8)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 2
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 13( 4,
8)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 2
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 14( 4,
7)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 2
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 15( 5,
7)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 2
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Âíóòðåííèå óñèëèÿ
M,N ïðè îñíîâíîì ñî÷åòàíèè íàãðóçîê.
Ñî÷åòàíèå 1—3.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦ Nst(n,k) ¦
Mmax ( N ) ¦ Mmin ( N ) ¦ Nmax ( M ) ¦ Nmin ( M ) ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 1( 1,
2)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -42.94( 0.00) -130.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
29.05(-130.01) 4.92( -42.94) -42.94( 4.92) -130.01( 29.05)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 1 13 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
37.44(-130.01) 6.56( -42.94) -42.94( 6.56) -130.01( 37.44)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 1 13 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
27.12(-130.01) 4.92( -42.94) -42.94( 4.92) -130.01( 27.12)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 1 13 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -42.94( 0.00) -130.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 2( 2,
3)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -42.95( 0.00) -127.05( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 3 ¦ 17.42(-127.05)
4.91( -42.95) -42.95( 4.91) -127.05( 17.42)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 1 13 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
21.94(-127.05) 6.54( -42.95) -42.95( 6.54) -127.05( 21.94)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 1 13 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
15.49(-127.05) 4.91( -42.95) -42.95( 4.91) -127.05( 15.49)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 1 13 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -42.95( 0.00) -127.05( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 3( 3,
4)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -43.00( 0.00) -109.30( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
6.82(-109.30) 4.90( -43.00) -43.00( 4.90) -109.30( 6.82)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 1 13 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
8.46(-109.30) 6.53( -43.00) -43.00( 6.53) -109.30( 8.46)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 1 13 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
6.34(-109.30) 4.90( -43.00) -43.00( 4.90) -109.30( 6.34)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 1 13 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
-0.00(-109.30) -0.00( -43.00) -43.00( -0.00) -109.30( -0.00)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 1 13 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 4( 4,
5)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -42.95( 0.00) -107.50( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
10.20(-107.50) 4.91( -42.95) -42.95( 4.91) -107.50( 10.20)¦
¦ ¦
13 1 1 13 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
14.24(-107.50) 6.54( -42.95) -42.95( 6.54) -107.50( 14.24)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 1 13 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
11.16(-107.50) 4.91( -42.95) -42.95( 4.91) -107.50( 11.16)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 1 13 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) -0.00( -64.55) -42.95( 0.00) -107.50( -0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 3 1 13 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 5( 5,
6)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) -42.94( 0.00) -107.72( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
16.02(-107.72) 4.92( -42.94) -42.94( 4.92) -107.72( 16.02)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 1 13 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
22.00(-107.72) 6.56( -42.94) -42.94( 6.56) -107.72( 22.00)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 1 13 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
16.98(-107.72) 4.92( -42.94) -42.94( 4.92) -107.72( 16.98)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 1 13 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( -64.77) 0.00( 0.00) -42.94( 0.00) -107.72( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 3 0 1 13 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 6( 6,
7)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 36.72) -0.00( 77.78) 77.78( -0.00) 36.72( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 1 13 13 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
-0.02( 36.72) -0.04( 77.78) 77.78( -0.04) 36.72( -0.02)¦
¦
¦ 1 13 13 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
-0.03( 36.72) -0.08( 77.78) 77.78( -0.08) 36.72( -0.03)¦
¦
¦ 1 13 13 1 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
-0.05( 36.72) -0.12( 77.78) 77.78( -0.12) 36.72( -0.05)¦
¦ ¦
1 13 13 1 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
-0.06( 36.72) -0.15( 77.78) 77.78( -0.15) 36.72( -0.06)¦
¦
¦ 1 13 13 1 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 7( 7,
8)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
-0.06( 36.77) -0.15( 74.21) 74.21( -0.15) 36.77( -0.06)¦
¦
¦ 1 13 13 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
-0.05( 36.77) -0.11( 74.21) 74.21( -0.11) 36.77( -0.05)¦
¦
¦ 1 13 13 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
-0.03( 36.77) -0.07( 74.21) 74.21( -0.07) 36.77( -0.03)¦
¦
¦ 1 13 13 1 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
-0.02( 36.77) -0.03( 74.21) 74.21( -0.03) 36.77( -0.02)¦
¦
¦ 1 13 13 1 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.02( 74.21) -0.00( 36.77) 74.21( 0.02) 36.77( -0.00)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 13 1 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 8( 8,
9)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.02( 83.20) -0.00( 36.76) 83.20( 0.02) 36.76( -0.00)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 13 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
-0.02( 36.76) -0.04( 83.20) 83.20( -0.04) 36.76( -0.02)¦
¦
¦ 1 13 13 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
-0.03( 36.76) -0.09( 83.20) 83.20( -0.09) 36.76( -0.03)¦
¦
¦ 1 13 13 1 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
-0.05( 36.76) -0.14( 83.20) 83.20( -0.14) 36.76( -0.05)¦
¦
¦ 1 13 13 1 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
-0.06( 36.76) -0.20( 83.20) 83.20( -0.20) 36.76( -0.06)¦
¦
¦ 1 13 13 1 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 9( 1, 9)¦
¦
¦ 1 ¦
-0.00( 36.72) -0.00( 104.84) 104.84( -0.00) 36.72( -0.00)¦
¦
¦ 1 13 13 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.05( 104.84) 0.02( 36.72) 104.84( 0.05) 36.72( 0.02)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 13 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.10( 104.84) 0.03( 36.72) 104.84( 0.10) 36.72( 0.03)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 13 1 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
0.15( 104.84) 0.05( 36.72) 104.84( 0.15) 36.72( 0.05)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 13 1 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.20( 104.84) 0.06( 36.72) 104.84( 0.20) 36.72( 0.06)¦
¦
¦ 13 1 13 1 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 10( 2, 9)¦
¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00) -15.10( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00) -15.10( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00) -15.10( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00) -15.10( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00) -15.10( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 11( 3,
9)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 18.26( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 13 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 18.26( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 13 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 18.26( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 13 1 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 18.26( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 13 1 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 18.26( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 13 1 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 12( 3,
8)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00) -7.34( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00) -7.34( 0.00)¦
¦ ¦
0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00) -7.34( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00) -7.34( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00) -7.34( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 13( 4,
8)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 7.41( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 13 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 7.41( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 13 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 7.41( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 13 1 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 7.41( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 13 1 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 7.41( 0.00) 0.01( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 13 1 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 14( 4,
7)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 2.99( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 13 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 2.99( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 13 1 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 2.99( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 13 1 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 2.99( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00)¦
¦ ¦
0 0 13 1 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 2.99( 0.00) -0.05( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 13 1 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 15( 5,
7)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00) -2.52( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00) -2.52( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00) -2.52( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00) -2.52( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.00( 0.00) 0.00( 0.00) 0.02( 0.00) -2.52( 0.00)¦
¦
¦ 0 0 1 13 ¦
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ ñèëà Q ïðè îñíîâíîì è îñîáîì ñî÷åòàíèè íàãðóçîê.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦ Nst(n,k) ¦
Qmax ¦ Qmin ¦ Qmax (os) ¦ Qmin (os) ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 1( 1,
2)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 29.259 4.795 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 13.453 2.397 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 -0.941 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ -2.397 -13.924 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ -4.794 -25.491 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 2( 2,
3)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 17.944 4.789 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦ ¦ 13
1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 7.797 2.394 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 -0.940 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 3 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ -2.394 -8.267 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ -4.788 -14.184 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 3( 3,
4)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 7.368 4.786 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 2.862 2.393 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ -0.000 -0.235 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ -2.393 -2.980 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
-4.786 -6.429 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 4( 4,
5)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 9.487 4.789 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
5.331 2.394 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.470 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 3 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ -2.394 -5.096 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ -4.788 -11.365 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 5( 5,
6)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 15.145 4.795 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 8.161 2.397 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.471 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 3 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ -2.397 -7.925 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ -4.794 -17.024 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦ ¦
1 13 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 6( 6,
7)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ -0.010 -0.024 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ -0.010 -0.024 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ -0.010 -0.024 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦ 4 ¦
-0.010 -0.024 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ -0.010 -0.024 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 7( 7,
8)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 0.026 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.026 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.026 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ 0.026 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ 0.026 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 8( 8,
9)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ -0.010 -0.033 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦ ¦
1 13 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ -0.010 -0.033 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ -0.010 -0.033 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ -0.010 -0.033 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ -0.010 -0.033 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 1 13 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 9( 1,
9)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 0.030 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦ ¦
13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.030 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.030 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ 0.030 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ 0.030 0.010 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 13 1 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 10( 2,
9)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 5 ¦
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 11( 3,
9)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦ ¦
0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 12( 3,
8)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 13( 4,
8)¦ ¦
¦ 1 ¦
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦ ¦
0 0 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 14( 4,
7)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ 15( 5,
7)¦ ¦
¦ 1
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 3 ¦
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 4
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
¦ 5
¦ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 ¦
¦
¦ 0 0 0 0 ¦
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Ïîäáîð
ñå÷åíèé
 äàííîì
êóðñîâîì ïðîåêòå ñå÷åíèÿ ñòåðæíåé ôåðìû ïîäáèðàåòñÿ ïîëíîñòüþ ñèììåòðè÷íî è ñ öåëüþ
óìåíüøåíèÿ êîëè÷åñòâî òèïîâ ñå÷åíèé. Òî åñòü, îáà ïîÿñà ïðåäñòàâëÿþò ñîáîé
ñîâîêóïíîñòü ñòåðæíåé èçãîòîâëåííûõ èç îäíèõ è òåõ æå áàëîê è óãîëêîâ.
Âåðõíèé ïîÿñ:
Èç ïðîãðàììíîãî
ñòàòè÷åñêîãî ðàñ÷¸òà âûáèðàåì ìàêñèìàëüíûé ìîìåíò è ñîîòâåòñòâóþùåå åìó óñèëèå.
Îí íàõîäèòñÿ â ñåðåäèíå ïåðâîãî ïðîë¸òà ïîÿñà.
Ïðèíèìàåì äëÿ âñåãî
âåðõíåãî ïîÿñà ñå÷åíèå èç 18 äîñîê.
Íèæíèé ïîÿñ:
Ïðîâåðèì äâîéíîé óãîëîê
63×5.
Íåñìîòðÿ íà áîëüøîå
íåäîíàïðÿæåíèå, ìû äîëæíû ïðèìåíèòü ýòî ñå÷åíèå äëÿ âñåãî íèæíåãî ïîÿñà, òàê
êàê óìåíüøèòü åãî íåâîçìîæíî.
Ïîäáîð ñå÷åíèé
ðàñêîñîâ
Ïðèìåì ñå÷åíèå èñõîäÿ èç
óñëîâèÿ íà óñòîé÷èâîñòü
Ðàñ÷¸ò ñòîéêè
Ñáîð íàãðóçîê íà ñòîéêó.
| Âèä íàãðóçêè. |
|
|
|
|
1. Îò ïàíåëåé ïîêðûòèÿ:
|
15292,68 |
— |
16151,2 |
|
2. Ñîáñòâåííûé âåñ ôåðìû:
à) Âåðõíèé ïîÿñ:
á) Íèæíèé ïîÿñ:
â) Ðàñêîñû:
|
7161,34
4484,84
1250,6
1425,9
|
—
1,1
1,05
0,9
|
7529,73
4933,3
1313,13
1283,3
|
|
3. Îðèåíòèðîâî÷íûé ñîáñòâåííûé âåñ ñòîéêè:
|
3744 |
1,1 |
4118,4 |
| Èòîãî: |
|
|
|
|
1. Ñíåãîâàÿ íàãðóçêà.
|
65520 |
|
93600 |
| Èòîãî: |
|
|
|
Ïðèíèìàåì ñå÷åíèå ñòîéêè
160×480 ìì.
Íàãðóçêè íà ñòîéêó.
Ãåîìåòðè÷åñêèå
õàðàêòåðèñòèêè.
Íà÷àëüíûå äàííûå:
Ïðîâåðî÷íûé ðàñ÷¸ò.
1. Â ïëîñêîñòè èçãèáà:
Íåñìîòðÿ íà áîëüøîå
íåäîíàïðÿæåíèå (52 %), ìû äîëæíû îñòàâèòü ðàíåå âûáðàííîå ñå÷åíèå, òàê êàê
óìåíüøåíèå ñå÷åíèÿ íåâîçìîæíî (ìû èñïîëüçóåì ìèíèìàëüíî âîçìîæíûå), à
óâåëè÷åíèå ñå÷åíèÿ íå èìååò ñìûñëà.
2. Èç ïëîñêîñòè èçãèáà:
Ðàñ÷¸ò ïðèêðåïëåíèÿ
ñòîéêè ê ôóíäàìåíòó.
— ðàñòÿãèâàþùåå
íàïðÿæåíèå:
— ñæèìàþùåå íàïðÿæåíèå:
Ðàçìåðû ñæàòîé è
ðàñòÿíóòîé çîí.
Ìàêñèìàëüíîå
ðàñòÿãèâàþùåå óñèëèå â àíêåðàõ.
Òðåáóåìàÿ ïëîùàäü
àíêåðíûõ áîëòîâ.
Òðåáóåìûé äèàìåòð áîëòîâ.
Äëÿ ïðèíÿòîãî äèàìåòðà
àíêåðà ïðèíèìàåì îòâåðñòèå â òðàâåðñå (â óãîëêå) íà 2 ìì áîëüøå.  ýòîì ñëó÷àå ïðèíèìàåì äèàìåòð îòâåðñòèÿ — 22 ìì. Øèðèíà óãîëêà ïðèíèìàåòñÿ èç óñëîâèÿ:
Âåëè÷èíà ðàñïðåäåë¸ííîé
íàãðóçêè è èçãèáàþùåãî ìîìåíòà íà ó÷àñòêå øèðèíå ñòîéêè.
Òðåáóåìûé ìîìåíò
ñîïðîòèâëåíèÿ.
Ïðîâåðêà íîðìàëüíûõ
íàïðÿæåíèé.
Ïðîãèá òðàâåðñû.
Âûáîð äèàìåòðà
ãîðèçîíòàëüíûõ áîëòîâ èç óñëîâèÿ èõ ðàññòàíîâêè ïîïåð¸ê âîëîêîí â äâà ðÿäà ïî
øèðèíå ñòîéêè.
Îïðåäåëèì íàèìåíüøóþ
íåñóùóþ ñïîñîáíîñòü áîëòà èñõîäÿ èç äâóõ óñëîâèé.
×èñëî áîëòîâ.
Äëèíà íàêëàäêè.
Ðàñ÷¸ò óçëîâ ôåðìû
Îïîðíûé óçåë (óçåë 1).
Îïîðíûé óçåë ïðåäñòàâëÿåò
ñîáîé ñëîæíóþ êîíñòðóêöèþ èç ýëåìåíòîâ äåðåâÿííîãî âåðõíåãî ïîÿñà,
ìåòàëëè÷åñêîãî íèæíåãî, ðåáðèñòîé ïëèòû è ñâàðíîãî áàøìàêà. Ïëèòà áàøìàêà,
ïðèíèìàÿ óñèëèå îò òîðöà âåðõíåãî ïîÿñà, ðàáîòàåò íà ñìÿòèå, à ýòî çíà÷èò, ÷òî íóæåí
ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèé ðàñ÷¸ò.
Äëèíà îïîðíîé ïëèòû
áàøìàêà.
Îïðåäåëÿåì òîëùèíó
óïîðíîé ïëèòû. Äëÿ ýòîãî ðàññ÷èòûâàåì ó÷àñòîê ïëèòû îï¸ðòîé ïî êîíòóðó ñî
ñòîðîíàìè 140 × 70 ìì.
Ïðîâåðÿåì óïîðíóþ ïëèòó ñ
òðåìÿ ïîäêðåïëÿþùèìè ð¸áðàìè 8 ´ 80 ìì, êàê áàëêó ïðîë¸òîì b = 140 ìì íà èçãèá:
Ðàññòîÿíèå îò íàðóæíîé
ãðàíè ïëèòû äî öåíòðà òÿæåñòè ñå÷åíèÿ.
Ìîìåíò èíåðöèè ñå÷åíèÿ:
Ìàêñèìàëüíîå íàïðÿæåíèå â
óïîðíîé ïëèòå:
Áîêîâûå ëèñòû áàøìàêà
ïðèíèìàåì d=10 ìì.
Ýëåìåíòû óïîðíîé ïëèòû ñâàðèâàåì øâàìè âûñîòîé 6 è 8 ìì. Ðàññ÷èòûâàåì ãîðèçîíòàëüíóþ îïîðíóþ ïëèòó áàøìàêà. Ïðèíèìàåì ïëèòó ðàçìåðîì 200 ´ 250 ìì. Ïðîâåðÿåì îáâÿçî÷íûé áðóñ íà ñìÿòèå ïîä ïëèòîé ïîïåð¸ê âîëîêîí.
Òîëùèíó ïëèòû íàõîäèì èç
óñëîâèÿ èçãèáà:
Èñõîäÿ èç ìîìåíòîâ:
Äëèíà øâîâ, êðåïÿùèõ
óãîëêè íèæíåãî ïîÿñà:
Ïðèìå÷àíèå:
Ïðèíèìàåì øâû
êîíñòðóêòèâíî.
Ïðîìåæóòî÷íûé óçåë
âåðõíåãî ïîÿñà (óçåë 3).
Äëÿ ïåðåäà÷è óñèëèé
ïîÿñîâ è êðåïëåíèÿ ðàñêîñîâ â óçëàõ óñòàíàâëèâàþòñÿ ñâàðíûå ñòàëüíûå áàøìàêè
ðàçìåðîì 200 × 140 ìì. Ïîñêîëüêó ðàçìåðû áàøìàêà áîëüøå ðàçìåðîâ óïîðíîé
ïëèòû â óïîðíîì óçëå, òî íà ñìÿòèå åãî íå ïðîâåðÿåì. Ïëèòó ïðîâåðÿåì íà èçãèá:
Íàéä¸ì ðàâíîäåéñòâóþùóþ
óñèëèé â óçëå.
Ðàñêîñû êðåïÿòñÿ ê óçëàì
ñ ïîìîùüþ ñòàëüíûõ íàêëàäîê ñå÷åíèåì 80 × 8 ìì. Íàêëàäêè ê ðàñêîñàì êðåïÿòñÿ äâóìÿ áîëòàìè äèàìåòðîì 16 ìì. Ïðîâåðêà ñòàëüíûõ íàêëàäîê:
Îïðåäåëåíèå íåñóùåé
ñïîñîáíîñòè îäíîãî äâóñðåçíîãî áîëòà:
Ïî ñìÿòèþ äðåâåñèíû:
Ïî íàãèáó áîëòà:
Êîëè÷åñòâî áîëòîâ:
Óçåë â ñâÿçÿõ.
Ñå÷åíèå ïîäáèðàåì èç
óñëîâèÿ óñòîé÷èâîñòè:
Ýêñïëóàòàöèÿ
Ýêñïëóàòàöèÿ äåðåâÿííûõ
êîíñòðóêöèé òðåáóåò íå ìåíüøåé îòâåòñòâåííîñòè, ÷åì èõ ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå.
Äðåâåñèíà êàê íèêàêîé äðóãîé ìàòåðèàë ñèëüíî ñòðàäàåò îò ãíèåíèÿ è «áîèòñÿ»
îãíÿ.
Ãíèåíèå — åñòü ðåçóëüòàò
æèçíåäåÿòåëüíîñòè äåðåâîðàçðóøàþùèõ ãðèáîâ è ìèêðîîðãàíèçìîâ. Ïðè ýòîì â
äðåâåñèíå ïðîõîäÿò ðàçíûå õèìè÷åñêèå ðåàêöèè, êîòîðûå ìåíÿþò (÷àùå â õóäøóþ
ñòîðîíó) ñâîéñòâà ìàòåðèàëà. Êîíå÷íûé ðåçóëüòàò — ïîëíàÿ ïîòåðÿ íåñóùèõ ñâîéñòâ
è íàðóøåíèå ñòðóêòóðû äðåâåñèíû. Ýêñïëóàòàöèÿ òàêèõ ñîîðóæåíèé çàïðåùåíà.
Äëÿ ïðåäîòâðàùåíèÿ
ãíèåíèÿ äðåâåñèíû íåîáõîäèìî ïðåêðàòèòü äîñòóï âîçäóõà ê êîíñòðóêöèè è
âûäåðæàòü íóæíûé âëàæíîñòíûé ðåæèì. ×àñòî ýòè óñëîâèÿ ÿâëÿþòñÿ íåâûïîëíèìûìè,
ïîýòîìó ïðèáåãàþò ê äðóãèì ìåòîäàì çàùèòû: àíòèñåïòèðîâàíèþ, ïîêðûòèå
(ïîêðàñêà) ñïåöèàëüíûìè êðàñêàìè è ìîäèôèêàöèè ïîëèìåðàìè. Àíòèñåïòèðîâàíèå
çàïðåùåíî â ïîìåùåíèÿõ, ãäå íàõîäÿòñÿ ëþäè áåç ñðåäñòâ çàùèòû, æèâîòíûå,
ïðîäóêòû, ìåäèêàìåíòû è êîðìà.
Ñóùåñòâóåò ìíîãî ìåòîäîâ
êîíñòðóêòèâíîé çàùèòû ñîîðóæåíèÿ îò ãíèåíèÿ: ýòî óñòðîéñòâî âåíòèëÿöèè äëÿ
ïðîâåòðèâàíèÿ ïîìåùåíèÿ, íàðóæíûé îòâîä àòìîñôåðíûõ âîä, óñòðîéñòâî îãðàæäàþùèõ
êîíñòðóêöèé â ïðåäåëàõ îòàïëèâàåìîãî êîíòóðà (âî èçáåæàíèå ïîÿâëåíèÿ
êîíäåíñàòà), îáøèâêà ôàñàäîâ, îòêàç îò ôîíàðåé âåðõíåãî ñâåòà.
Õèìè÷åñêèå ìåòîäû çàùèòû
â äàííîì êóðñîâîì ïðîåêòå ðàññìàòðèâàòüñÿ íå áóäóò, òàê êàê îáùåñòâåííîå
íàçíà÷åíèå çäàíèÿ íå ïîäðàçóìåâàåò ïðèìåíåíèå àíòèñåïòèêîâ è ïðîïèòêó èìè
êîíñòðóêöèé.
Ìîäèôèêàöèîííûå ìåòîäû
çàùèòû ïîëó÷èëè ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèå ëèøü 30 ëåò íàçàä. Ïîëèìåðíàÿ ìîäèôèêàöèÿ
èçìåíÿåò ñâîéñòâà äðåâåñèíû è äàæå ïîâûøàåò å¸ ñîðò, íî ïðîöåññ òðóäî¸ìîê è
òðåáóåò ìíîãî âðåìåíè, ÷òî âåä¸ò ê óäîðîæàíèþ êîíñòðóêöèè.
Ïîêðûòèå âëàãîçàùèòíûìè
ñîñòàâàìè î÷åíü ýôôåêòèâíûé è ðàñïðîñòðàíåííûé ìåòîä çàùèòû îò ãíèåíèÿ.
Âåùåñòâà, âõîäÿùèå â ñîñòàâ ìíîãèõ êðàñîê è ëàêîâ, ñîçäàþò íåêóþ ïë¸íêó íà
ïîâåðõíîñòè êîíñòðóêöèè, êîòîðàÿ íå ïðîõîäèìà äëÿ âîäû è ìèêðîîðãàíèçìîâ.
Åäèíñòâåííûé è ãëàâíûé íåäîñòàòîê — íåäîëãîâå÷íîñòü: ïîäîáíóþ îáðàáîòêó íàäî
ïðîâîäèòü ðàç â 3—6 ëåò çàâèñèìîñòè îò ìíîæåñòâà óñëîâèé è ôàêòîðîâ.
Ïðèìåíÿåìûå â
ñòðîèòåëüñòâå äåðåâÿííûå êîíñòðóêöèè äîëæíû îòâå÷àòü ìíîãèì ïðîòèâîïîæàðíûì
íîðìàì è óêàçàíèÿì â çàâèñèìîñòè îò ýòàæíîñòè è íàçíà÷åíèÿ çäàíèÿ, à òàêæå îò
åãî ìåñòà â ïëàíèðîâêå ãîðîäà. Êîíñòðóêòèâíûå ìåòîäû îò âîçãîðàíèÿ íàïðàâëåíû
íà óâåëè÷åíèå âðåìåíè ãîðåíèÿ, òî åñòü íà óâåëè÷åíèå ñå÷åíèÿ êîíñòðóêöèé, íà
èçáåãàíèå ïóñòîò è âûñòóïîâ. Êðîìå òîãî, ïðèìåíÿþòñÿ íåñãîðàåìûå äèàôðàãìû è ïåðåãîðîäêè,
åñëè ðå÷ü èä¸ò îá îòñå÷íîì ñòðîèòåëüñòâå.
Ñïèñîê èñïîëüçóåìûõ èñòî÷íèêîâ
1.
ÑÍèÏ
II—25—80: Äåðåâÿííûå êîíñòðóêöèè, — Ì. Ñòðîéèçäàò, 1982 — 65 ñ.
2.
Ðàñ÷¸ò è
êîíñòðóèðîâàíèå êëååäîùàòûõ ôåðì è ñòîåê: Ì.Ó. ê êóðñîâîìó ïðîåêòó. Áóëãàêîâà
Ë. È. — Âîëîãäà; ÂîÏÈ, 1997.
3.
Êîíñòðóêöèè
èç äåðåâà è ïëàñòìàññ. Óçëû ôåðì: Ìåòîä. óêàçàíèÿ. Áóëãàêîâ Ø. Ý. Áóëãàêîâà Ë.
È. — Âîëîãäà, ÂîÏÈ, 1998.
4.
Ñòðîèòåëüíûå
êîíñòðóêöèè èç äåðåâà è ñèíòåòè÷åñêèõ ìàòåðèàëîâ, ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå è ðàñ÷¸ò.
Ãðèíü È.Ì. Èçäàòåëüñêîå îáúåäèíåíèå «Âèùà øêîëà», 1975 — 280 ñ.
5.
Êîíñòðóêöèè
èç äåðåâà è ïëàñòìàññ. Ïðèìåðû ðàñ÷¸òà è êîíñòðóèðîâàíèÿ; Ó÷åáíîå ïîñîáèå äëÿ
ÂÓÇîâ (ïîä ðåä. ïðîô. Èâàíîâà Â. À.) — 3-å èçä., ïåðåðàá. È äîï. — Êèåâ: Âèùà
øêîëà, — 1981, 382ñ.
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